Important Information Regarding West Nile and Mosquito Breeding

Sometimes, even healthy wetlands may harborlarge numbers of mosquito species that carryWNV. Unlike Culex pipiens, Culex tarsalis, themajor WNV vector in western states, prefers tobreed in clean water. Therefore, it may benecessary to use appropriate mosquito controlmeasures to prevent WNV disease transmission.

Wetland Restoration and West Nile/Mosquito Control

Prior to its restoration in 1999, the two-acre Edmond Avenue wetland was in critical condition. Residential development near Portsmouth, New Hampshire, had partially filled the wetland, and urban and stormwater runoff had contaminated the water. Increased sedimentation had reduced the extent of open water, and invasive plants choked out native species.

By 1996, the continued degradation of the Edmond Avenue wetland transformed the ecosystem into a major breeding site for mosquitoes, including the Culex species primarily responsible for West Nile transmission. During 1996-1999, the application of mosquito larvicides and sprays jumped to 4-5 times per year, a four-fold increase from the previous 15 years. Since its restoration in 1999, the Edmond Avenue wetland no longer requires mosquito control measures. The restored wetland lacks stagnant depressions and is deep enough in some areas to support fish that eat mosquitoes. Wave action also disrupts mosquito breeding. Results have been astonishing—a near 100% reduction in mosquito habitat and the virtual elimination of Culex species, not to mention improved water quality and bird habitat.

Mosquito

Malaria Initiative Succeeding

Africa Malaria Day, April 25, is a reminder that Malaria is one the deadliest diseases in the world -- killing more than one million people per year, mostly poor women and young children in tropical countries. Because of this urgent need, in 2002, Freedom from Hunger, with help from the drug company GlaxoSmithKline, launched an anti-malaria pilot program in six West African countries.

This Malaria Initiative educates women in poor rural areas about malaria; brings them access to subsidized, insecticide treated bednets; and provides linkages to local health services for treatment. Education, provided in the form of role-play, story and song, is the key because it teaches women who have never been to school how to prevent malaria, when and how to treat it, and even how to organize community safeguards.

Overcoming Cost Barriers

Many women whose families are threatened by malaria cannot afford insecticide–treated mosquito nets. So Freedom from Hunger has convinced manufacturers and distributors to provide the nets at a substantially reduced cost (about $4 per net). Freedom from Hunger also arranged for local sources of appropriate and reliable anti-malarial drugs to be provided at reasonable prices to individuals when the disease strikes. Because Freedom from Hunger’s Malaria Initiative is layered onto a self-financing microcredit program, women gain sustainable access to credit to build home-based business, earning money to buy nets and pay for health services.

In a recent visit to program areas in Burkina Faso, it was seen that many of the women had already purchased the nets and the rest were setting aside money to buy them soon. One participant, Fatoumata Monomata, expressed the essence of the program, "I learned how to keep my children safe from malaria." By the end of the three-year pilot, the Malaria Initiative will be reaching 180,000 women in West Africa.

Achieving Sustainability

Wherever poverty, hunger, and poor health combine they often form a vicious cycle that lasts for generations. To break this chain of hopelessness permanently, Freedom from Hunger will make the anti-malaria activities a regular part of the Credit with Education program whenever it is implemented in malaria-endemic areas. The women themselves cover the local costs of the anti-malaria program through earnings generated by their loan repayments. The powerful combination of services provided by Credit with Education creates a ladder out of poverty, hunger, and ill health—with each step leading to a life of self-reliance, health, and hope.

To read more about our Malaria Initiative visit our Web site:
http://www.freefromhunger.org/malaria.html

About the Author

To learn more about Freedom from hunger visit our Web site: http://www.freefromhunger.org/index.html

Author: Dottie Duncan

Alternative Health Solutions for West Nile Virus & Mosquitos

Ester-C 2000 Plus Powder - 8 Ounces Powder - Vitamin Shoppe Super Selection. Super Low Prices. Super Specials. We carry 913 products from Vitamin Shoppe. Choose from more than 20,000 products and 400 name brands at The Vitamin Shoppe. Sku# VS-1351, , vitaminshoppe > Vitamins and Minerals > Vitamin C > Ester C Complex

Natural Health Products to Consider