Alternative Methods for West Nile Virus Control using Mosquitos West Nile Virus + Mosquito articles

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Important Information Regarding West Nile and Mosquito Breeding

Sometimes, even healthy wetlands may harborlarge numbers of mosquito species that carryWNV. Unlike Culex pipiens, Culex tarsalis, themajor WNV vector in western states, prefers tobreed in clean water. Therefore, it may benecessary to use appropriate mosquito controlmeasures to prevent WNV disease transmission.

Wetland Restoration and West Nile/Mosquito Control

Prior to its restoration in 1999, the two-acre Edmond Avenue wetland was in critical condition. Residential development near Portsmouth, New Hampshire, had partially filled the wetland, and urban and stormwater runoff had contaminated the water. Increased sedimentation had reduced the extent of open water, and invasive plants choked out native species.

By 1996, the continued degradation of the Edmond Avenue wetland transformed the ecosystem into a major breeding site for mosquitoes, including the Culex species primarily responsible for West Nile transmission. During 1996-1999, the application of mosquito larvicides and sprays jumped to 4-5 times per year, a four-fold increase from the previous 15 years. Since its restoration in 1999, the Edmond Avenue wetland no longer requires mosquito control measures. The restored wetland lacks stagnant depressions and is deep enough in some areas to support fish that eat mosquitoes. Wave action also disrupts mosquito breeding. Results have been astonishing—a near 100% reduction in mosquito habitat and the virtual elimination of Culex species, not to mention improved water quality and bird habitat.